The present work aimed to evaluate the antiviral potential of Egyptian bee venom and honey bee derivatives namely phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and propolis against DNA and RNA virus models; HSV-1and RVFV. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of BV, PLA2 and propolis. Results showed that the tested BV, PLA-2 and propolis have cytotoxic effect on normal vero cell line and the cytotoxic effect was a concentration dependent and the calculated IC50 values were arranged in the order of EBV > PLA2 > propolis and the IC50 was 13.7, 25 and 30.8 µgm/ml respectively. The tested products showed antiviral potential against DNA and RNA virus models; HSV-1 and RVFV with a growth inhibition of 10 %, 10 % and 26.3 % for PLA2, EBV and propolis respectively in case of testing direct effect of HSV-1. In addition, in case of evaluation the inhibitory effect against RVFV as RNA virus model the inhibition was 7.7 %, 27 % and 15.4% post treatment with propolis, EBV and PLA2 respectively. The antiviral activity 1 hour infection pretreatment (indirect effect), the growth inhibition was in the order of 0 %, 21% and 26% for propolis, EBV and phospholipase in case of HSV-1virus. While in the RNA model, it was 33.3 %, 21 % and 0 % post treatment with propolis, EBV and PLA2 respectively. Data assure that there is difference in antiviral activity between bee products against both DNA and RNA virus. It was showed that propolis have direct effect on HSV-1 virus and indirect effect on RVFV virus. EBV show indirect antiviral effect on HSV-1 in addition to direct and indirect effect on RVFV. On the other hand, PLA2 show both indirect and direct effect on HSV-1 and only direct effect on RVFV virus.
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